The 7 Biggest Myths About Calories

You may think you know all about calories. Many people have been counting them, cutting them, and adding them up for most of their lives. But when it comes to weight loss, there’s actually still a lot of confusion out there about calorie counting. It turns out that many of the most common beliefs about calories are really just myths. Here are seven of the most persistent calorie counting myths — plus the facts, straight from experts…..CONTINUE READING

1. All Calories Are Created Equal

Plenty of people believe that as long as they stick to a certain number of calories per day, they’re eating healthy. The myth that all calories are created equal can get in the way of eating a balanced, nutritious diet. “You cannot compare 100 calories of salmon to 100 calories of soda,” says Samantha Cassetty, RD, former nutrition director of Good Housekeeping, who is based in New York City.

She points out that salmon is loaded with beneficial nutrients, including omega-3 fatty acids and protein — one reason the American Heart Association recommends eating it twice a week — that work really hard to nourish your body. “With soda, it’s the opposite — those calories are working against you,” she says. Not only are they lacking in nutrition, but they are also full of sugar, and drinking them has been associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes, as research from 2022 detailed. “It’s a total mistake to think all calories are the same,” Cassetty says.

2. Celery Has Negative Calories

With only about 9 calories a stalk, per the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), it’s obvious how this calorie myth got started. It’s easy to imagine that the act of chewing celery “erases” enough of those calories to take the food into negative calorie territory. “It’s an idea leftover from another era,” says Cassetty.

Cucumbers, radishes, lettuce, and other water-rich vegetables are also sometimes said to be negative-calorie foods, but just like with celery, it’s nothing more than a myth. “There are no negative calorie foods,” says Cassetty.

3. Calorie Labels Are 100 Percent Accurate

What you see is not necessarily what you get when it comes to calorie information on nutrition labels. “There is leeway for manufacturers,” says Cassetty. In fact, by law, food manufacturers can be up to 20 percent off the mark with this number, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). That means a product you’re eating that you believe has 200 calories might actually have up to 240 calories. A study published in the journal Obesity investigated the accuracy of nutrition labels and found that prepackaged convenience meals had 8 percent more calories on average than their labels claimed. That can add up.
4. If You Cut 3,500 Calories You’ll Lose 1 Pound

This calorie myth is a gross oversimplification of the science of calories, and hardly the way weight loss works in real life, according to Cassetty. “Overall body size, genetics, sleep, and stress can all complicate this general rule,” she says. As a body loses weight, the amount of calories it needs to maintain that weight goes down.

The 3,500 calories-equals-one-pound math simply doesn’t account for this. Nor does it take into consideration other factors including gender, changing diet and exercise habits, and poor compliance, according to an article in Today’s Dietitian. Carson C. Chow, PhD, a senior investigator in the mathematical biology section of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), is quoted in the article explaining: “Every 10 calories per day decrease in calorie intake leads to an eventual one-pound loss, but it can take three years to get there.” (You can check out the National Institutes of Health’s Body Weight Planner tool to try out this math out for yourself.) This rule of thumb isn’t quite as appealing to dieters as the 3,500 calorie rule, but it’s more accurate.

5. Your Body Absorbs Every Calorie in a Food

There’s a difference between the number of calories a given food contains and how many calories your specific body absorbs from that food. The number of calories you may assimilate can vary based on the makeup of your gut microbiome, among other things, according to research. In another study, researchers from Harvard even discovered that calorie counts can vary between raw and cooked foods. And then there’s the fiber effect. Because your body doesn’t absorb fiber (it’s the indigestible part of plants), the amount a food contains can also affect the calories you actually get. One small study of 18 people that involved almonds found that the calorie calculations were greater than the actual caloric amount of almonds — in other words, the assumed “calorie math” didn’t bear out. Almonds, in particular, are a source of prebiotic fiber, which we do not absorb, according to research.

6. The ‘Calories Burned’ Readout on Your Treadmill or Fitness Tracker Is Accurate

Many calorie counters live and die by the “calories burned” readouts on their exercise equipment and fitness trackers. It’s very common for people to decide to eat an extra snack or have dessert based on a number supplied by their device, says Cassetty. But a study from 2020 found that fitness trackers consistently over- or underestimated calories burned. None of the fitness trackers in the study was deemed to provide acceptable measures of energy expenditure.

“People don’t realize when they exercise, they’ll unconsciously decrease other energy spent throughout the day,” says Cassetty. Research from June 2023 supports the notion that after exercise people may fidget less, stand less, or take the stairs less often. The body is always compensating, making small adjustments to maintain energy balance below the level of your awareness. “It’s not necessarily something you can control,” says Cassetty.

“People do a really bad job of estimating the number of calories they eat, then they get an inflated idea about how many calories they burned, thanks to these devices,” says Cassetty. “You can really end up on the wrong side of that equation.”

7. Counting Calories Is Essential for Losing Weight

Can calorie counting be a helpful guide for weight loss? Sure. But there’s no need to feel like you’ll never shed excess pounds if you can’t commit to tracking every calorie — especially when research suggests otherwise. One study concluded that reducing calorie intake may not be the golden ticket to weight loss that people assume it will be.

And another study found that other dietary changes — for instance, eliminating processed foods — can be just as effective for weight loss. Notably, the study was designed to determine whether a low-carb or low-fat diet was better for weight loss. Neither group counted calories, but they were given nutrition advice. Both groups lost around the same amount of weight, and what they had in common was a diet of natural whole foods, not processed food. So count, or don’t count, but know that the best approach is the one that works for you…..CONTINUE READING