Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common and can affect anyone who is sexually active. Many STIs show no symptoms at first, but some have clear warning signs. Here are 10 important symptoms to watch for. If you notice any of them, visit a doctor or clinic for testing and treatment.
1. Pain or discomfort during urination or sex
Burning, stinging, or pain when peeing or during intercourse can be a sign of infection.
2. Rash, sores, or blisters
Sores, ulcers, or rashes around the genitals, anus, thighs, or mouth may appear. Some are painful, others are not.
3. Unusual discharge
Abnormal discharge from the penis or vagina, sometimes with a bad smell, is a common symptom.
4. Swollen or painful testicles
Swelling or pain in the testicles without obvious reason needs medical attention.
5. Itching around the genital area
Persistent itching can be caused by pubic lice, herpes, or other infections.
6. Unexpected bleeding
Bleeding between periods or after sex in women can be a warning sign.
7. Dark urine
Dark-coloured urine may indicate hepatitis B or other liver-related STIs.
8. Pelvic or lower abdominal pain
Pain in the pelvic area or lower belly, especially with other symptoms, should be checked.
9. Joint or muscle pain
Some STIs like hepatitis B can cause body aches and joint pain.
10. Small ulcers or blisters on genitals
Genital herpes and syphilis often cause painful or painless sores.
What you can do
Use condoms correctly every time.
Get tested regularly, especially if you have new partners.
Talk openly with your partner about sexual health and testing.
Consider PrEP if you are at higher risk for HIV.
Many STIs are treatable, especially when caught early. Do not ignore symptoms or feel ashamed to seek help. Regular testing and safe practices protect you and your partners.
